Indications
Cilnidipine is indicated for the management of hypertension for end-organ protection. It is reported to be useful in elderly patients and in those with diabetes and albuminuria. Cilnidipine has been increasingly used in patients with chronic kidney disease
Hypertension is the term used to describe the presence of high blood pressure. The blood pressure is generated by the force of the blood pumped from the heart against the blood vessels. Thus hypertension is caused when there is too much pressure on the blood vessels and this effect can damage the blood vessel
Therapeutic Class
Calcium-channel blockers
Pharmacology
Cilnidipine acts on the L-type calcium channels of blood vessels by blocking the incoming calcium and suppressing the contraction of blood vessels, thereby reducing blood pressure. Cilnidipine also works on the N-type calcium channel located at the end of the sympathetic nerve, inhibiting the emission of norepinephrine and suppressing the increase in stress blood pressure.
Dosage & Administration
5-10 mg once daily, increase to 20 mg once daily if necessary.
Interaction
Other antihypertensives; aldesleukin; antipsychotics that cause hypotension; may modify insulin and glucose responses; quinidine; carbamazepine; phenytoin; rifampicin; cimetidine; erythromycin.
Contraindications
Cardiogenic shock; recent MI or acute unstable angina; severe aortic stenosis.
Side Effects
Dizziness; flushing; headache; hypotension; peripheral oedema; tachycardia; palpitations; GI disturbances; increased micturition frequency; lethargy; eye pain; depression; ischaemic chest pain; cerebral or myocardial ischaemia; transient blindness; rashes; fever; abnormal liver function; gingival hyperplasia; myalgia; tremor; impotence.
Pregnancy & Lactation
No specific information about USFDA pregnancy category. Caution should be exercised during Cilnidipine use in pregnancy. Nursing mothers should consult a physician before taking Cilnidipine.
Precautions
Hypotension, poor cardiac reserve, heart failure. Sudden withdrawal may exacerbate angina. Discontinue in patients who experience ischemic pain following administration. Pregnancy, lactation.
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